Brown, T. E., et al. (2024).
Politics, Groups & Identities/Politics, Groups,
and Identities, 1–14.
Abstract
Over the past 30 years, the United States has developed a rural-urban political divide, as rural voters have become increasingly reliable Republican voters while long-term patterns of Democratic voting in the largest cities have also consolidated in many smaller cities and suburbs as well. Yet, although 1 in 4 rural dwellers now identify as people of color, research on the rural-urban divide has either mostly centered on the behavior and attitudes of non-Hispanic whites, or assumed that nonwhites have exhibited similar behavior to whites. Does this political cleavage exist among people of color? We find that the growing rural-urban divide is driven primarily by white Americans, while rural people of color differ much less, if at all, from their urban counterparts in voting behavior and policy attitudes. In addition to highlighting the need for more research on the politics of rural people of color, our findings raise concerns about the political representation of rural Black Americans and Latinos.
Here are some thoughts:
The Rural-Urban Divide: Race Matters More Than You Think
For decades, the political landscape has been reshaped by a growing divide between rural and urban America. This research explores the complexities of this divide, particularly how race and ethnicity influence voting patterns and policy preferences.
The Widening Gap (But Not for Everyone)
Traditionally, rural and urban voters exhibited similar preferences. However, since the 2000s, a stark divide has emerged. While rural voters have increasingly leaned Republican, Democratic support has solidified in cities. This trend, however, seems to hold true primarily for non-Hispanic whites.
People of Color: A Different Story
The research presented here sheds light on a crucial aspect often overlooked: the experiences of people of color in rural areas. The data shows a surprising trend - Black and Latino voters, despite residing in rural areas, haven't mirrored the shift towards the Republican party seen in white voters. This challenges the notion that the rural-urban divide is solely driven by economic factors or cultural issues.
Beyond Economics: The Psychological Factors
The concept of "linked fate" might explain this phenomenon. Black and Latino voters may feel a stronger sense of solidarity with their racial/ethnic group, leading them to vote Democrat regardless of their location. "Racialized social constraint" could also be at play, where social pressures within these communities influence voting behavior. Additionally, Republican rhetoric might be alienating these voters.
A Call for More Research
This study highlights the need for further investigation into the political experiences of rural people of color. Future research should not only explore the voting behavior of Black and Latino populations but also delve into the experiences of other marginalized groups. Understanding the psychological aspects of race and ethnicity within the rural-urban divide is crucial for a more comprehensive picture of American politics.
In Conclusion
The rural-urban divide is a complex issue with racial undertones. While economic factors play a role, the experiences of people of color challenge simplistic explanations. Further research that considers the psychological aspects of race and ethnicity is essential for bridging this divide and fostering a more inclusive democracy.
