Etzioni, A. (2014).
Journal of Political Ideologies, 19(3), 241–260.
Abstract
This article provides a retrospective account and analysis of communitarianism. Drawing upon the author's involvement with the political branch of communitarianism, it attempts to summarize both the history of the school of thought as well as its most prominent ideas. These include the communitarian emphasis on the common good; the effort to find an acceptable balance between individual rights and social responsibilities; the basis of social order; and the need to engage in substantive moral dialogues. The article closes with a discussion of cultural relativism according to which communities ought to be the ultimate arbitrators of the good and a universalistic position.
Here are some thoughts:
This article offers a comprehensive overview and critical reflection on the evolution of communitarian thought, particularly as it relates to political philosophy and public life. Etzioni traces the historical roots of communitarianism, highlighting its emphasis on the common good, the balance between individual rights and social responsibilities, and the necessity of substantive moral dialogue within communities. He notes that while communitarianism is a relatively small school in academic philosophy, its core ideas-such as prioritizing the welfare of the community alongside individual freedoms-are deeply embedded in various religious, political, and cultural traditions across the world.
The article explores the resurgence of communitarian ideas in the 1980s and 1990s as a response to the perceived excesses of individualism promoted by liberalism and laissez-faire conservatism. Etzioni discusses the tension between individual autonomy and communal obligations, arguing for a nuanced approach that seeks equilibrium between these often competing values, adapting as societal conditions change. He also addresses critiques of communitarianism, including concerns about its potential association with authoritarianism and the vagueness of the concept of "community."
For practicing psychologists, this article is significant because it underscores the importance of considering both individual and collective dimensions in understanding human behavior, ethical decision-making, and therapeutic practice. Recognizing the interplay between personal autonomy and social context can enhance psychologists’ ability to support clients in navigating moral dilemmas, fostering social connectedness, and promoting well-being within diverse communities.
